Posts Tagged ‘Animal Health’

It’s fall! (Finally)

Tuesday, October 11th, 2011

dog sweater 1

Now that temps have dropped and some leaves are starting to change we can relax and know that summer has bid us adieu.  Having a respite from the heat is nice, but we should keep in mind our furry friends.  Though they have coats on all the time, they still need consideration in colder weather.

Pets who like to nap on cool surfaces in the summer may not enjoy it so much now.  Make sure there is bedding available for your buddy to snuggle on when he’s tired.  Make sure that if he gets wet, he is dried quickly.  He will still need plenty of water to drink.  Just because it’s not hot, it doesn’t mean he’s not thirsty!

Antifreeze is a big danger this time of year.  Dogs and cats both think it’s a tasty treat, but it is extremely toxic.  Keep an eye on your pet when outdoors, and make sure she doesn’t drink anything from the ground that looks suspicious.  Antifreeze is a bright green color and pools where cars have parked and leaked it from their engines.  Symptoms of ethylene glycol poisoning include nausea or vomiting, increased thirst, tremors or twitching, and wobbly or uncoordinated movement.  Portable heaters are also a hazard – never leave a pet unsupervised in a room with a space heater, and keep an eye on them around fireplaces too.

When the holidays come around, there is a whole new list of things to worry about!  Alcohol and chocolate are abundant, but make sure they’re all accounted for so that your best four-legged friend doesn’t regret overindulging.  Many plants are poisonous.  Poinsettias are rumored to be toxic, but aren’t as bad as they’ve been made out.  They won’t kill your plant-chewing cat, but they can cause an upset stomach.  The best rule is to keep all vegetation out of reach, so that even if they’re not poisonous you’re not cleaning up half-digested plant bits from all corners of the house.  Even when not fatal many greens cause vomiting and diarrhea, and that’s never fun for any of us.  For cats who like grass, there is cat grass and catnip which are both fine for them to nibble in moderation.  These can both be found in pet stores.

Decorations can be hazardous too.  Electric cords, candles, and glass trinkets or ornaments all bring out the mischievous side of our pets.  Tinsel can be especially bad for cats who like strings.  If eaten, it can become tangled in the stomach or intestine and require surgery to be safely removed.  Tree-climbing cats should be kept away from Christmas trees, or there could be a very large mess to clean up!

Fall and winter are great seasons.  Just keep a few things in mind, and your and your pets can enjoy them with fewer troubles.

catintree

First aid tips for your pets

Tuesday, July 26th, 2011

When you’re faced with a veterinary emergency, time can work against you.  The most important thing is to get your pet to an animal clinic.  In some cases there are things you can do to prepare for or while transporting an injured dog or cat.

Your first priority should be the safety of yourself and your pet.  When injured, even the most loving animal may bite out of fear or pain.  Keep this in mind when trying to pick them up; a towel can be very useful to put over them for warmth and to keep your arms covered.  Wrap bandaging can also be tied gently but firmly around a dog’s mouth as a soft muzzle.  Please don’t run into traffic to help an injured animal.  If you get hit by a car too, you won’t be any help to anyone.  A few years ago, a veterinarian in Tennessee was killed trying to rescue an injured animal in traffic.

You should have your veterinarian’s number handy – Briarcliff has a technician available 24 hours a day, so that you can speak to someone even when we’re closed.  They may be able to advise you on the need for emergency care after hours.  The number for the closest 24-hour emergency clinic is also good to have on hand.

A first aid kit specifically for pets is invaluable.  Here are several essential things to include:

  • Bandaging supplies – nonstick pads, soft padding to cushion a wound, and wrap type bandage (self-sticking, such as Vetwrap, is best)
  • Scissors
  • A digital thermometer to be used rectally
  • Benadryl (diphenhydramine) can be used in dogs for things like bee stings – dosage is 1 mg per pound of body weight every 8 hours as needed (meaning a 25-lb. dog would get 1 25-mg. tablet, a 50-lb. dog would get 2 25 mg. tablets, etc.).
  • Water – this can be essential for cooling down a pet who has overheated.  (Don’t use ice water as it will constrict blood vessels and slow their ability to cool.)
  • The phone number for poison control.  Georgia has a free service you can call, at 404 616 9000, or 1 800 222 1222.  The ASPCA has one that is focused on animals, but there is a charge of $65: 1 888 426 4435.  There is also the Pet Poison Hotline, at 1 800 213 6680, and the cost for that is $35.  If your pet has gotten into something that was purchased, keep the packaging with you.  The hotlines and the veterinarian will have an easier time treating them if they know exactly what chemicals they’re dealing with.

Staying calm can be very hard in such a situation, but it is very important.  Our cat once sneaked into the dryer, and it was on for about a minute before we realized.  The first thing I thought to do was take his temperature – 105.  Then I panicked and was no help whatsoever.  Even though I’d seen pets with higher temps, I hadn’t seen one of mine that high.  We took him to the emergency clinic and once they cooled him down with fluids he was fine, other than a bruised tail.  He doesn’t get in the dryer anymore.  But I was upset that I got so flustered and couldn’t help.

Another useful resource is the Atlanta Animal Ambulance.  They can transport your pet to the veterinarian quickly and safely, and spare you from having to drive while emotional and upset.  Their phone number is 678 439 K911, and the website is http://frogstodogs.com/index.php?id=35.

Common sense things, such as applying pressure to a bleeding wound and not running into a busy street to help an injured pet, should also be considered.  Call the authorities if there is a situation you can’t handle, and if you are in any doubt about whether you need medical assistance, call your veterinarian’s office.  We are always happy to help!

Photo credit: christopher.woo
Photo credit: christopher.woo

Pets and babies

Wednesday, June 22nd, 2011

Having a baby changes the dynamics of any household, whether it’s the first baby or the tenth.  When a family has a pet, that pet may have to learn to play second fiddle to this new, bald, loud, smelly pet.

An unfortunate fact is that pets tend to be neglected once there’s a human addition at home.  Newborns demand so much time from, and permit so little sleep for, their parents that it’s no small wonder.  Even if you and your pets run on a strict schedule, with feedings, walks, and sometimes medications, you’ll come to find that a newborn cannot be adapted to your schedule.  You just have to adapt to theirs.  But after a few months it really does get better, and pets can have attention lavished on them again.  They won’t hold it against you.

A recent study by Flexcin International has shown that families with new babies are the ones whose pets are becoming obese.  While pets will certainly remind you if you’ve forgotten to feed them, they may not demand as much play time, or you may not have the time or energy to give in to such demands.  After my first baby, I would frequently forget to eat lunch, much less worry about my cats’ level of exercise.  This goes hand in hand with the treats that rain down from high chairs while baby learns to feed herself.  It’s just so much easier to let the four-legged vacuum take care of that mess.

Behavior problems are another concern.  Many new parents are worried that Fido or Fluffy are going to react badly to a baby.  Some even resort to getting rid of their pets.  Shelters are already overrun, and it’s so sad to see an old family member kicked out to make room for a new one.  There is a program called Dogs and Storks that is geared specifically towards expecting families who have dogs, and helps prepare the household for a new life with baby and dog.  While safety should be a top concern, it doesn’t mean that there can’t be room at home for both.

I believe that children who grow up with pets are better for it.  If taught correctly they will learn to respect and love animals.  My 3-year-old knows that if she’s not gentle with our cats she’ll get a warning, and if she doesn’t let up they will give her a nip.  Since I taught them to be gentle with her when she was born, they’ve never hurt her.  But it also teaches her that she needs to respect all creatures and their personal space.

A new study published in the journal Clinical & Experimental Allergy suggests that being exposed to dogs and cats as an infant does not increase your chances of developing allergies to these pets.  In fact, its results show that a child is about 50% less likely to develop an allergy if they live in the same house with a cat or dog before the age of one.  Yet another reason to keep your pet around when baby arrives!

What has been your experience with pets and babies?  Have you had aggression problems (from either the pet or the child) that couldn’t be solved?

dog and baby

Photo credit: Jacobim Mugatu

Indoor vs. Outdoor Cats

Wednesday, June 15th, 2011

Do you let your cats go outside?  It’s a valid question, and many people get emotionally involved in the discussion.  There are many reasons that drive people’s decisions.  Let’s talk about a few.

I don’t let my cats out.  My house is on a pretty quiet street, but they’ve been indoor cats for 8 years.  I don’t think they’d fare well outside.  Plus one is missing a front leg and can’t even win a fight with one of his siblings, much less a more experienced cat.  We always lived in much busier areas, and one apartment was on the 4th floor of a loft; there was just no way.

When we lived in Sandy Springs, an acquaintance scolded me for keeping my cats in.  He said his 19-year-old cat was outdoors almost all the time, and she was perfectly healthy.  I didn’t disagree with him, but he got upset with me and insisted my cats should be allowed outdoors.  I’m not sure why he was so concerned that I let them out.  I wasn’t going to let them run around on Roswell Road though.

One of our cats was owned previously by a friend of ours, who let him go out.  At the time, the cat wasn’t neutered, so I don’t blame our friend for wanting to let him out – oh, the smell!  Panther is a black cat, and he’s huge – about 20 pounds.  He’s the sweetest thing you’ll ever meet, though.  He follows you around and insists on being pet, and comes when called (our other cats are so ashamed of him).  Anyway, one of the times he was out, many years ago, was the weekend of Friday the 13th.  He came home after a couple of days with a bad limp.  Our friend took him to the vet, and they found that his shoulder was shattered.  He didn’t have any road rash, so they suspected that he’d been kicked or intentionally injured by another person.  I don’t know if it was because of the date, or his coloring, or if someone just hated cats that much.  Poor Panther had 2 pins put in his shoulder, and they neutered him while they were at it.  (Hence his hatred of veterinarians.)

My mother-in-law has 5 cats and they’re outside all day.  She lives in a much quieter neighborhood than we ever have, and she’s trained her cats not to stray too far out of her yard.  (Trained cats, you say?  It can be done!)

I used to pet sit a cat that went outside a lot.  He worried me when he’d be out for three days at a time, but if I didn’t let him out, he’d pee on the stove.  So he usually went out.

There are several neighborhood cats that live near us, but they seem pretty street savvy.  One of ours got out once, ran right in front of a car, and when she saw it she stopped dead in her tracks, staring at it.  I sure am glad the driver saw her.  That just reinforced my opinion that my cats wouldn’t make it as outdoor kitties.

Working at a vet, you get a perspective on the dangers of outdoor kitty living.  Cats come in who have been hit by cars, gotten into fights, and even hurt by other people.  That’s not to mention that if they’re unaltered, the likelihood of pregnancy is pretty high.

Some cats know how to hold their own, and won’t have it any other way.  What about your cats?  Are they indoor, outdoor, or a perfect balance of both?

photo credit: Chika Watanabe

photo credit: Chika Watanabe

Vacationing with your pet

Wednesday, June 8th, 2011

Summer’s (almost) here!  It’s already hot as can be, and the kids are out of school.  Time to go on vacation.

If you travel with your pet, it can add an extra dimension to planning a trip.  Making sure you have the right supplies for yourself and a dog or cat can be quite a task.  You also have to make sure they’ll travel in comfort, no matter the type of trip you’ll be taking.

Taking a pet on a plane trip requires more planning ahead than driving, naturally.  Airlines require a health certificate from a veterinarian, which states that your dog or cat is healthy enough to fly.  The timing for these is crucial: they usually have to be done within ten days of the flight.  That means that if you’re staying longer than ten days, you may have to acquire a health certificate at your destination before the return trip.

There are services that fly your pet for you, and you meet them at the destination: http://www.ipata.com and http://petairways.com/ are two examples.   Their flights are a bit limited now, but the search option helps you find out if they have the service you need.  Your furry family member is given more personalized attention than on a traditional flight, and I think this is a service that will become more and more popular.

Driving can pose some logistical concerns.  You have to make sure there will be places you can get out, let your dog do his business, and stretch his (and your) legs.  Cats may be uncomfortable using the litter box in a moving car, not to mention the danger of having litter flung in your eye if you have to stop suddenly.  Making a stop to let felines have a rest and potty break is crucial for long drives.

Some people like to have their pets in their lap when driving, but it’s a pretty dangerous practice.  Not only is it distracting, they can get in the way if you need to react quickly.  If you’re in a wreck and your pet isn’t secured, they could be ejected, or the airbags could severely injure them.  It’s best to keep cats in carriers and dogs harnessed to the seat belt.  There are a lot of products out there, and here are a few listings on Amazon.  Some pets are nervous when restrained in a car, but I’d take anxiety over traumatic injury any day.  Letting your dog stick his head out of the window can cause injury too, from debris getting into his eyes to the split-second decision to jump out to chase that squirrel.

Camping with dogs is lots of fun, but make sure you bring all the equipment you may need and a first aid kid especially for pets, just in case.  If you’re going to stay in a hotel, here is a good resource for finding one that is pet-friendly.

Do you take your pet on vacation?  What are your favorite place to go, and how do you prepare?

dog on beach

Photo credit: Denzil~

Why is my dog or cat scooting?

Wednesday, June 1st, 2011

You may have never heard of anal glands, but if you have a pet, you should be aware of them.  They are a pair of pockets on either side of a dog’s or cat’s anus.  Not usually visible, they are essential to your pet’s digestive health.

Anal glands have several functions.  One is to lubricate their behind, making it easier to pass stool.  They are also used to release a scent.  Some animals use it to mark their territory.  Skunks, of course, are known for the scent theirs produce.  Possums use it to convince potential predators that they are dead and rotting when they “play possum”.  The odor produced by anal glands is particularly unpleasant to humans.

The fluid inside the glands can be released when your pet is scared or stressed.  This can lead to unfortunate consequences in the veterinary industry when dealing with a frightened animal.  When I tried to explain what they smell like to my husband, I told him that it was like eau de poop – the smell of excrement, but concentrated into a very potent liquid, and easy to differentiate from stool.

If you’re fortunate, you’ll never notice your pet’s anal glands.  They can develop problems, however.  Infections and abscesses can develop if they aren’t emptying properly.  Sometimes animals need help expressing them, but may need medications if a serious problem occurs.  If you notice your pet scooting, licking their hind area excessively, or if you see any swelling or redness on either side of the anus, take them to your veterinarian.  It is better to treat them early, before an abscess develops or the infection ruptures.

Have you had any problems with your pet’s anal glands?  Are you glad you know about them, or so so sad that you had to experience such things?

scooting dog

scooting dog

On Memorial Day

Tuesday, May 24th, 2011
War dog memorial in Guam.

War dog memorial in Guam.

No matter your stance on war, you have to respect those who serve in the military.  They put their lives on the line to protect us.  Service members who die in the line of duty will be remembered on Memorial Day.

One of the most interesting stories coming out of the recent Abbottabad raid was the inclusion of a Military Working Dog, or MWD, on the SEAL team.  Dogs have been members of the armed forces for years, but Cairo brought them into the spotlight.  While no details have emerged about Cairo’s involvement or whether he entered the compound, his presence demonstrates an increasing reliance on dogs in the military, and their numbers are steadily growing.

The main services these dogs perform are bomb sniffing and reconnaissance.  For years, the government has tried to develop technology that will detect explosives, but dogs have always put them to shame.  No human or machine can match their skill for alerting comrades to the presence of improvised explosive devices or hostile troops.  Dogs also serve as trackers, sentries, and for search and rescue, and have saved many lives in various ways.

Their skill on the battlefield isn’t the only benefit: having a buddy to curl up with at the end of a harrowing day means so much to these folks who are so far away from their own families.  Soldiers become attached to the dogs in their outfits, and oftentimes adopt them once their tours are finished.  They are just as devastated when a dog dies in the line of duty as when a human comrade does – perhaps more so, due to the unique bond some people share with animals.

Theo, a record-holding military dog working in Afghanistan for Great Britain, suffered a seizure and died after his handler Lance Corporal Liam Tasker was killed by a sniper’s bullet.  Search dog Cooper and his handler Kory Duane Wiens, of Oregon, were killed on patrol in Iraq when an IED exploded.  Corporal Wiens was named after his grandfather, who was also a canine handler during the Korean War.  In Afghanistan, Lance Corporal Mason Neff was saved by his dog Bingo, who had found an IED and kept Neff from getting close to it.  Bingo detonated the bomb and was killed, but his handler was able to return home to North Carolina, injured but alive.  Two stray dogs, Rufus and Sasha, saved the lives of soldiers from Newnan, Georgia in Afghanistan in 2009.  They attacked a suicide bomber dressed as an Afghan police officer, keeping him from getting closer to the soldiers.  When the bomb was detonated, Sasha died and Rufus was injured, but no soldiers on the base were killed.

Many other dogs have lost their lives in combat, from young dogs just starting their tours, to more experienced MWDs, to strays who had come to love their new companions.  This Memorial Day, let’s remember the soldiers who died serving our country, human and canine.

*The above picture is of two Marines visiting the War Dog Memorial on the island of Guam.  This memorial celebrates the dogs who died helping U.S. soldiers root out invading Japanese forces in 1944, in the dense jungles of Guam.

*The United States War Dog Association has a page on its website honoring dogs who have lost their lives in combat: http://www.uswardogs.org/id67.html.  There are also dogs available for adoption who have either retired from service or were not chosen to enter combat: http://www.lackland.af.mil/units/341stmwd/.

Your pet ate what now?

Wednesday, May 18th, 2011
mmmmmm.....photo by Michelle Tribe

mmmmmm.....photo by Michelle Tribe

Working at a vet, you see some strange stuff.  Some of the oddest things we see are what pets will eat.  There are certain items you know to keep out of their reach, but sometimes they’ll devour objects you wouldn’t think they’d be interested in.

Dogs are often the culprits.  One Golden kept eating his mom’s pantyhose, and had several exploratory surgeries to have them removed.  We’ve seen a Boxer that ate about seven (new) tampons.  One dog had an affinity for eating rocks.  Dr. South has removed a mini tennis ball and sandal leather from canine stomachs.  In vet school, she had a dog who had eaten Gorilla Glue, which hardened and expanded once it got to the stomach.  They had to make a large incision, but it was removed and the pet did fine.

Cats are known to eat certain things: strings, plants, plastic.  Even though they probably don’t taste good, it’s a good idea to keep these types of things out of their reach so you don’t end up with a situation where they’re sick or blocked.  If a cat has eaten a string and is unable to pass it, take her to the vet immediately.  Linear foreign bodies can cause a serious problem in their intestines.  If you see the string coming out of either end, do not pull on it or trim it.  It may be caught on something, and pulling it can make things worse.  Don’t trim it so that your vet can see what they’re dealing with.  Also keep in mind that strings or thread can get wrapped around the base of their tongue.  If he’s acting strange and pawing at his mouth, drooling or licking excessively, try to lift his tongue to see if there is a string attached.  Then take him to the vet, and let them know what you saw.

My cats eat things you wouldn’t expect.  One loves to eat tomatoes, so we can’t leave them out in the fruit basket.  It’s a good thing we don’t use plastic grocery bags when we shop anymore, because he’ll chew on those all day and night.  Another one likes eating clothes, and we had to have him scoped to remove the sleeves from my nightgown that he chewed off and swallowed.

The weirdest thing I remember seeing in my eight years as a tech was the chicken who had eaten her owner’s pearl earring.  It was a family heirloom, and she really wanted it back.  We could see it in her wattle on x-ray.  Unfortunately, there was nothing we could do to get it out.  I don’t know what ever happened to that earring.

What weird things do your pets eat?  Do you have to keep certain items out of their reach when you’re gone?  Have they had surgery because of their strange appetite?

Does your cat pee outside the litter box?

Tuesday, May 10th, 2011

One of the most common complaints we hear from cat owners is inappropriate urination.  Cats may pee next to the litter box, on the floor, or on household items.  Reasons for this behavior can vary, but it is always exasperating.

When your vet examines your cat for such a problem, they will first want to rule out a medical problem.  Urinary tract problems can include inflammation or infection, as well as bladder stones or crystals.  When urination is painful, they will associate the litter box with the pain, and avoid it.  Underlying conditions, such as diabetes or kidney disease, can also cause cats to urinate more, which may lead them to urinate in places other than the litter box.  Generally a physical exam and lab work can check for these.  Blood work and a urine sample may be taken to identify the problem and decide on a course of treatment.

If medical issues are ruled out, the cause may be behavioral.  Changes in environment can cause problems like this.  Major issues that can cause your cat to act out include a move, an addition to the family, a new pet, or separation from an owner.  To be sure that they have enough spots to choose from, have a litter box for each cat, plus one.  Make sure the boxes are in convenient places, and not in an area of the house that the cats do not frequent.  Daily scooping will prevent the cat turning up his nose at a messy litter box, and completely emptying the boxes every few weeks will keep them fresh.  Another tipe is to add a cup of baking soda to the bottom of the litter pan before you put the litter in, and it will stay fresh longer.

Briarcliff’s Dr. Janice Floyd recommends using under-bed storage containers as litter boxes, but not under the bed of course.  They are nice and roomy, but shallow enough that geriatric cats won’t have a problem getting in and out.  Some cats are picky about what litter is used, and most seem to prefer fine textured unscented litter, like the clumping kind.  Other cats will object to having a plastic liner in the box.

A friend told me recently that her (female) cat was wizzing in the toaster.  I didn’t know she could do that!  She’s known for behavioral problems, but I advised her to see the vet anyway, in case there was something else going on.  We found one of our cats peeing in the bathtub the night before I had my second child.  Good timing, sir!  It turns out that he has bladder crystals, but we’re treating him with medication and a special diet, and he’s much better.  I’m glad we didn’t find it after I had the baby, because we may have chalked it up to him being upset with the change in family dynamics.

Inappropriate urination can be quite frustrating, but before getting angry with your cat, speak with your vet.  She could be suffering from an underlying disease, or it could be that the litter boxes need to be freshened more often.  Either way, it’s much better to have them checked than to pass it off as a cranky kitty.

*Note: Dr. Floyd recommends the Cornell Feline Health Center.  They have great information on housesoiling and other feline issues.  The website is: http://www.vet.cornell.edu/fhc/

Here is another great resource, and the beginning of a series of articles on the subject: http://www.petmd.com/blogs/thedailyvet/jcoates/urinary/2011/may/feline_urinary_issues_a_modern_epidemic

photo by Laura Bittner

photo by Laura Bittner


10 things you need to know about microchips

Tuesday, April 26th, 2011

You hear a lot these days about having your pet microchipped.  Most vets recommend it, especially if you have an outdoor cat or a dog who is prone to fence-jumping.  Here are several facts about them:

1. There is a tool from the American Animal Hospital Association that searches the databases of several participating microchip manufacturers to find owner information.  The site is www.petmicrochiplookup.org. This created a central place to input the microchip number and search for a found pet’s owner.

2. Microchips can’t fall off, like a collar can.  They have been known to occasionally move around under a pet’s skin, but will remain intact.  A full scan of the pet should find the microchip number even if it’s moved.

3. Having a microchip implanted is no more painful than a normal injection.  The needle is a little larger than injection needles in order for the microchip to pass through it, but the procedure does not require sedation.  It only takes a few seconds, so if your pet is uncomfortable, at least it’s over quickly.

4. There are different types of microchips that work on different frequencies.  Most shelters and veterinarian’s offices now have scanners that can read all of them to ensure that if a microchip is present, it will be found.  Found pets are automatically checked for microchips when they are brought in to one of these facilities.

5. While tattoos can be used for identification purposes, the practice has been eclipsed by microchipping.  Someone who finds a dog won’t usually check for a tattoo, and they can fade or be covered by hair if it is not kept trimmed.  Although owners can register their pet’s tattoo, there is no centralized database for the information.

6. If you are having a surgical procedure done on your pet, such as a neuter, a microchip can be placed without your pet ever knowing about it!

7. A 2009 study showed that dogs who have microchips are returned to their owners almost twice as often as those who don’t, and cats who have them are returned nineteen times as often as cats who don’t.  (Yes, nineteen times as often.)  Most of the time, pets who had microchips but were not returned did not have their current information registered.  That means that owners either didn’t initially register when they had the microchip placed, or didn’t update their information when it changed.

8. Microchips do not replace identification or rabies tags.  Vaccine information is not transmitted by the microchip.

9. The current technology does not track your pet.  Microchips use Radio Frequency ID technology.  When a scanner is passed over the microchip, radiowaves send back a number to the scanner.  The person that has found the number then enters it into the database to find the owner’s information.

10. Side effects of microchip placement are rarely reported.  The British Small Animal Veterinary Association keeps track of reports of problems related to microchips.  Since 1996, There have only been 391 adverse reactions reported, out of over 4 million microchip placements.  The microchip moving from its original site was the problem reported most often.  More severe side effects, including tumors, were reported, but only in a handful of cases.

There is a minimal annual fee to be registered with the manufacturer’s database which varies by company.  Considering the much higher rate of return of pets, the small cost is easily justified.  The benefits of having your pet microchipped far outweigh the small chance of side effect.  If you have any questions or concerns about having a microchip placed, be sure to talk to your veterinarian.  They are the experts!

microchip1